Addiction and Behavior Essay

Thesis assertion In this paper, I will try and analyze crochetion and the mingled demeanors that dependency will induce in an single, and I will in addition describe the kinds of dependence that an average individual is prone to, and research the efforts that ar being made for an addict to try to reckon his offensive expression brought on by his addiction.Experts feel and do stress on the occurrence that addictions and compulsions of any kind stem and originate from an overwhelming feeling of non being in control of ones heart, and a lease to gain some form of control over events that seem to be overtaking him or her.Certain addictions, however, possess genetic components, and be generally passed on within the family, where one member whitethorn have been prevailn up or been prone to commanding behaviors. He whitethorn have inadvertently passed on this behavior to the next generation, and in these cases, this vicious cycle would continue.Addictions tummy be of se veral kinds. champion much(prenominal) compulsion is that of an addiction to drugs or other substances, and another is an obsession for sex. Eating disorders can also shift as addictions of compulsions, and overspending, gambling and overworking too are obsessive and dictated disorders.According to experts, The power of fantasy is the enduring power of addiction, wherein an addict may be prone to developing fantasies of having gained a sense of control over his life, be effort of his addiction. The addict would then be quite unwilling to give up these drug induced fantasies and enter a dominion life again, and this can be one of the major problems that an addict may governance at the prison term when he is presumptuousness up no return what his addiction may be.The addicted individual would more often than not ram away to induce mood changes in himself, instead of trying to address the genuine causes of the stresses that he is plaqued with. take over for example an a lcoholic he would privilege to drink and blame the failure of his marriage on his spouse, rather than face the underlying issues behind the failure of his marriage. In this lies the causes and the reasons for his continued addiction to alcohol. Take the example of a money addict.This individual would prefer to binge on a spending spree, rather than face the underlying money issues, and devising use of the money to settle his debts. In short, an addict behaves in such a way that he believes with strong conviction that no matter what stresses life may have to throw at him, he would be able to face them all, as long as he has his induce addiction to get him with lifes tough situations. (Earll, Steven, 2004)As a result of extensive scientific research done through the years, instantly one can be reasonably sure that addiction as such can be qualified as a disease that affects ones brilliance as well as ones behaviors. It is interesting to note that in the past, scientists attribut ed addictive behaviors cerebrate to drug and alcohol ill-treatment to the fact that the drug user lacked in willpower, and that he could, if he wished to, bring an end to his addictions.This was the view that shaped most of rules of orders responses to addicts an addict was viewed as a morally flawed individual, who displayed stark moral failing by being unable to control his have behaviors. It is only today that the average individual is able to comprehend the elementary fact that addiction may be the result of a combine of different factors, and that it can must be treated as a disease than could cause great harm to ones health.Scientists today use this vital knowledge to create and develop effective methods of treatment, which would be able to reduce the toll that addiction has on the individuals family and friends. Today, preventive drug abuse has gained precedence over other forms of treatment, and this has been be to help addicts get over their addictions with a reason able amount of success. medicine addiction or abuse as such can be described as a chronic and relapsing disease that affects the brain of the user, despite the user being aware of the fact that such abuse can result in grave consequences for him in the long run. One must remember that the weeklong an individual is addicted to drugs, the more ill the impact of the drugs on his brain, and the more harmful his behavior may become.To ascertain the true nature of addiction, one must first try to insure wherefore people take drugs, and exactly why they become addicted to drugs and other substances. One of the more important and one of the first reasons check to researchers is that an individual starts taking drugs so that he may feel good. well-nigh drugs induce a sense of great pleasure in the individual who has taken them, and more importantly, the user feels a sense of power, self bureau and self assurance that he would never feel in normal life.Perhaps, the sense of power, fee lings of relaxation and of intense satisfaction that the drugs have given him induces him to take more, and then some more, until the time when he can no longer control his intake, and at which time he is considered to be addicted. Individuals, who may touch from feelings of acute anxiety, or from stress related disorders, or from clinical depression, are also prone to use drugs to help them overcome these feelings. Some others may feel that drugs may help them perform better, like for example an athlete, who may take performance enhancing drugs that would help him win.Adolescents may be particularly open to drug addiction, perhaps because of peer pressure, or simply because others are doing it, why not me? the sad fact is that although drugs may offer the user a sense of satisfaction and power at the outset, it is true that as time goes by, the user will feel that he has to take more quantities of the aforementioned(prenominal) drug, if he wished to achieve the same feelings of euphoria and pleasure. It is at this time that the user realizes that he would not be able to function without a establish, at which time he may be considered an addict.do drugs addicts reach a point of time when they pursue the drug as if it were a lifeline, regardless of the behavioral problems that theDrug usage may cause in them, and the trouble that they may be causing others around them, because of the drug usage and addiction. It is at this point of time that drug usage becomes cognise as drug abuse and addiction, and it is at this point that the addicts self control becomes severely strained and impaired.Scientists have conducted brain visualize and mapping studies of drug addicts, and the findings show that for addicted individuals, physical changes become lucid in the areas of the brain that would normally control judgment, decision making, memory, and even behavior control. These are the changes in the brain that affect the addicts behaviors, and they may well be able to shed light on the compulsive and the addictive behaviors displayed by an addict.A tragic factor is that an callows brain continues to develop and grow into adulthood, and when the adolescent uses drugs and becomes addicted to them, then he undergoes dramatic changes in his pre-frontal cortex, that area of the brain that would enable him to assess a particular give situation, make decisions based on his judgment of that situation, and trammel his desires and yearnings under control, as any normal adolescent would do.This means that the adolescent would be forced to lose control over a given situation, and submit to the influence of drug addiction on his behavior. Therefore, say experts, introducing drugs or other substances at this stage of development would automatically have a long lasting negative impact on the young soulfulness who has become addicted. (Volkow, D Nora (2007)

Benifits of Walking

Benefits of Walking Walking provides a wide range of benefits, some of which atomic number 18 much demonstrable than others. The obvious benefits of walking include the benefits to the individual from physical fitness and mental health improvements. A less obvious benefit is the way in which acquire more people walking more often posterior help to gene yard a stronger local community, which in turn will run to happier and healthier neighborhoods. Every channel you turn to, every magazine you knock over through, and every sports store you go to, shows the concept of exercising.Most people think of doing as too much work. They make excuses like I tiret switch enough time, or Ill do it later. The direct of this essay is to persuade my listeners to realize break their walking shoes and demoralize reaping the benefits of a healthy life and start walking. First we will fall how walking benefits our bodies, second uncover how easy it is to incorporate walking in to our daily lives, and third reveal the only equipment that one needs to fill up the first step putting one foot in take care of the other.For many of us we are always finding ways to get out of exercising. Either we are too busy or we are putting it off until we have more time, but actually we never get the time to shape and we just see ourselves jumping from a size 6 to a size 12. Well I have help for you. We were all born with 2 arms and 2 legs, so lets put those legs to the use they were intended. Walking is one of the easiest forms of exercise and provides many health benefits.Regular walkers have fewer heart attacks and strokes, have put down phone line pressure, and have higher levels of healthy HDL cholesterol than mold sitters do. In one study of women, a regular walking architectural plan did just as much in the heart-protection department as more vigorous exercise did. Thirty minutes of walking a sidereal sidereal day makes your muscles more sensitive to insulin. That allow s glucose to do its duty inside your cells rather than down up in your bloodstream and cause other havoc.Even just a 5-minute walk cuts down on cigarette cravings. It engages your brains emotion centers, unleashing mood-enhancing hormones that decrease cravings and take your mind off that cigarette. And establishing a walking habit proves to you that you have the purify to stick with your stop-smoking plan. Physical activity nourishes brain tissue and stimulates its production of neurons, synapses, and blood vessels. Some studies have found that walking can counter hesitancy memories in people over age 50.Anyone who has come back from a walk in a different frame of mind than they went out with can attest to this. Studies back up that walking benefits your mood and whitethorn even ward off depression and anxiety. Not only can a walk perk you up when you need it, but in like manner it helps improve the quality of your sleep, so youre more energetic all day long. Walking regularly can lower your risk of arthritis, macular degeneration, and even malignant neoplastic disease by an astonishing 50% compared with people who dont exercise. Walking has the highest compliance rate of any exercise.

Scholarship paragraph

My stay in the jurisprudence school allowed me to see the measure out of education. I view my education here as a cultivation ground for my pursuit of an honorable and fulfilling life and profession. After graduation, I want to mastermind bar look backward courses at our honor School and subsequently take the NY States Bar Exam. As we know, bar review courses are costly and as an immigrant to the US experiencing extreme financial hardship, I lack the ability to finance my review courses.I would like to take this opportunity to apply for a scholarship to allow me to ease a little burden of my loans which I intend to apply for in vagabond to cover the rest of the bar review program and which I baffle already taken to cover my tuition and living expenses at the Law School. I strongly believe that my prior experiences have prepared me for the challenges of practicing law in public service.In addition, I had been exposed in the employment where I acquired different job skills in various areas such as the immigration services, broadcasting radio show on public issues, composition columns and magazine articles, pro-bono work at the hospital, and other voluntary works in the community and in school. Rest assured that in my legal profession and life, I will uphold the Law School Blueprint set and strong commitment to public service.

2012 Hsc English Essay

2012 English HSC Essay by Marcus Kraefft An individualistics perceptions of get merelytocks change in response to the passage of cadence and their interactions with the initiation. Constructive interactions can increase aces adept of be. In the same commission destructive interactions or insanity can reduction ones genius of be. The passing of meter also affects an individuals champion of belong in that it can kick the bucket to an clasp of place and culture. Ones backbone of belong also depends on whether they choose to belong and are chosen to belong, but choice is non unendingly enough.Although both parties whitethorn demand to belong to each other, barricades can still exist, countering a common sense of belonging. This is evident in Raimond Gaitas Romulus, My perplex (1998) and American History X (1998) directed by Tony Kaye. The sense of belonging of the individuals in these texts evolves done the elapsing of time and interactions with their world. An individuals interaction with their world shapes their sense of belonging constructive interactions increase ones sense of belonging.Upon first moving to Australia Romulus was immediately drawn to Horu and Mitru because they fall in similar backgrounds. Romulus had many a nonher(prenominal) interactions with Horu and Mitru and as a result Romulus felt an increasingly virile sense of belonging to them. Romulus spent more time and interacted more with Horu and we see that Romulus demonstrable a stronger friendship with Horu than with Mitru. Raimond also had many interactions with Vacek and as they met more a lot Raimond felt more and more comfortable with Vacek, showing an increased sense of belonging.Similarly in American History X, Derek despises negroes and has no sense of belonging to them. When Derek goes to prison though, he is forced to interact with negroes through prison duties such as folding sheets together. From this Derek forms a strong friendship with a token negr o, Jim, and as a result of their interactions, his persuasion of negroes changes for the better. In here, you the nigger, as quoted by Jim, shows the contrast in the milieu Derek is in he was utilise to a white dominated society and is now forced to lie in a society dominated by negroes.In the same way that constructive interactions strengthen a sense of belonging, destructive interaction or alienation can weaken a persons sense of belonging. In Romulus, My Father Christine is forced to move with Romulus to Australia. Shes a metropolis girl, who felt alienated in the barren grace of Frogmore a landscape that richlylighted her isolation. Her mental illness reduced her number of interactions with others and at a time resulted in a change magnitude sense of belonging.Alienation causes loss in ones sense of belonging and can be expressed through desensitisation. This is present in American History X. The skinhead clan obviate all negroes and immigrants, alienating them. Aliena tion results in a decreased sense or absence of belonging, which can be represented by make harm to another with no remorse. This is shown in American History X when Derek murders two negroes and then smiles about it while being arrested by police, as if he is proud of what he has done.This absence of belonging between the skinheads and the negroes applies to both parties. This is shown at the end of the film when a negro high school student gruesomely shoots and kills Danny, Dereks brother, in the school bathrooms. He stood in silence with no emotion and no remorse. This scene shows how alienation affects a persons decisions, actions and reactions. Choosing to belong and being chosen to belong often leads to a sense of belonging but choice may not always be enough. Certain barriers may exist to prevent a sense of belonging.In Romulus, My Father Christine chooses to belong with Raimond as his mother and Raimond accepts his mother, lovable her very much, but Christines mental illne ss prevents her ability to rise up Raimond as a mother should. Horu sees this lack of attention and despises Christine because of it, asking her to break and never come back. Although Christine wanted to belong, her mental illness affected her relationship with both Raimond and Horu. This demonstrates Christines inability to integrate with Australian culture. Another barrier to a sense of belonging is race.In American History X the negroes and immigrants want to fit into the local community but because of their race the skinhead clan renounce them. Similarly in Romulus My Father, upon arrival to Australia Romulus wants to be judge by the Australian culture but initially he is not because of his unconnected background. Over time Romulus is eventually accepted into the Australian community because of his wakeless working habits. This shared value allows Romulus to integrate with Australians and form a strong sense of belonging with Australian culture.An individuals sense of belo nging is affected by the passing of time in that it can lead to an appreciation of place and culture. Initially Romulus did not like the Australian landscape The noble red gums seemed symbols of deprivation and barrenness. Raimond was influenced by Romulus European stories and memories but over time Raimond began to show an appreciation and sense of belonging to the Australian landscape. This is shown when Raimond is about to shoot a wild rabbit but does not because he realised that the environment and nature itself is beautiful.The elapsing of time also allowed Romulus to frame of reference up a strong reputation of being a big(p) working blacksmith. He developed trust with Australians over time which would have been difficult given Romulus foreign background. Initially in Australia Romulus had little friendship of the environment and its effects on everyday livelihood. Romulus accidentally lit a hay stack on fire, not being familiar with the longing and dry climate. Over tim e Romulus was able to adapt to the Australian environment and so he no longer made mistakes and was therefore accepted by Australians as a worker.Similarly in American History X, Derek initially despises negroes, but his time and interactions in prison change his perspective of them. Derek is alienated in prison and vulnerable to assault from the negroes but Jim tells them not to harm Derek even though he is a Neo-Nazi. Derek discovers that Jim saved his life Derek as a direct result appreciates negroes and accepts them, showing respect and friendship. Dereks opinion on foreigners is changed by the actions of one man.From these points it becomes clear that the passing of time and the interactions of an individual with their world shape that individuals sense of belonging Constructive interactions often result in a sense of belonging whilst destructive interaction or alienation results in a decreased or no sense of belonging. Choice also affects ones sense of belonging however choice may not always be enough as there are often barriers preventing a sense of belonging such as mental illness and race. sequence can also have an impact on an individuals appreciation of place and culture, increasing their sense of belonging.

How and Why did Islam spread so quickly Essay

In 610 C.E., a local merchant named Muhammad completely changed any of midpoint East through the trust of Islam. He fled to Mecca, in a hollow out where he was given the words of Allah and by this, introducing the religion. Overtime, the religion continued to rive new followers, which leads to question- how and why did Islam spread so quickly? Three of the causes to how this happened were payable to trade, the heart and soul passed on from God and the conquest of land.All of Islam imperium, including the Byzantine Empire and Persian Empire had set up trade routes throughout the Arabian Peninsula. Everyone came to Mecca to trade since it was wealthy and very important at this time. Through trading, this brought inventions and topics. sight from different cultures came to trade and got ideas of the Islam religion, then spreading it to their people because they liked the idea that it was one God and how the way of life was under this religion. Muslim merchants would choke t o the trading destinations, which would allow exposure to the religion within other countries as well. Other trade routes led to the Silk Road to China and India, East Africa and Spain. These countries would then, near likely, open converted to Islam. Overall, trading played a huge consumption in the spreading of Islam.In addition to how Islam spread quickly was through the message of God. In the Quran, it shows the expectancies for what Muslims would have to follow by. One of the verse states, exclusively the believers who do good works, both men and women, shall enter Paradise. They shall not puzzle the least injustice. (4124 Doc B) This means if you do the right things, then you would be set asideed. Another verse states, Permission to take up arms is herewith given to those who are attacked, because they have been wronged. God has no power to grant them victory. (2239 Doc B) Meaning, you cannot fight unless attacked first.Along with the expectancies, you have to follow the practices of the v Pillars of Islam. Including, confession of faith, prayers 5 times per day (facing Mecca), charity to the needy, fasting during the month-long Ramadan and journey to Mecca at least once during oneslifetime, also know as the Hajj. In The Ordinances of Government, caliphs have to follow the duties. One of the duties was, to maintain the religion according to established principles and the consensus of the first generation of Muslims. (Doc E) These messages of God have helped to mix Muslim beliefs and practices and spreading many inventions and ideas throughout the world due to Islam.The finally reason to how Islam spread quickly was through conquest. From 622-750 C.E., after Muhammads death, all of the Arabian Peninsula, China, India, Middle East, and Africa were under Muslim control. This was ruled by the conterminous four caliphs, and were known as the rightly-guided and their rule as a caliphate. Relating backward to verse 22.39 where it states that Muslims are not allowed to fight until attacked, this shows that they followed the Quran while moderate these lands. The reason why Arabs were able to conquer ofttimes of Persia and parts of Byzantine was because Muslim armies were too strong and The Persian and Byzantine armies were weak after age of fighting. Overtime, many cultures that were introduced to the Muslim Empire converted to Islam because of Islams message of compare and hope of salvation that they would receive by becoming Muslims.Many cultures have gotten ideas of the religion of Islam through different reasons. Three of which were due to trade, the message of God, and the conquering of lands. Through trade, his followers passed on the ideas to other different cultures. The messages of God were how much of an impact it made on the people to convert to Islam. And lastly, conquest- this shows that they conquered the lands even by following the guidance of religion. Although Muhammads death left his people hanging, the mes sage that he left behind from God has made such a huge impact to the world, mostly Muslims.

Questions On David Crystal Essay

Questions on David lechatelierites article 2b or Not 2b? 1. David Crystal begins his article with several(prenominal) strong they say arguments, quoting writers who argue that text messaging is destroying the English speech. At what acme in the article do you begin to see that his make prospect is very different from that of such critics? Crystals perspective on texting is displayed many times throughout different paragraphs in the article. In paragraph six Crystal states texting has added a new dimension to language use. Although there are some who see texting as a moderne tool that is ruining proper English, Crystal sees it as a way for society to enhance thee language skills. 2. Summarize Crystals arguments in favor of text messaging. In what ways wee-wee the dangers of this phenomenon been immensely overstated, in his opinion? How does he organize his argument? What are his master(prenominal) points, and what kinds of reliever does he offer? Most arguments state that te xt abbreviations have replaced proper English. On the other hand, Crystal states that these abbreviations go back to centuries. For physical exercise IOU goes back to 1618 A book written by Eric Partritch in 1942 called vocabulary of Abbreviations contained sms examples and was published 50 years before texting. 3. Crystal wrote this article for a British newspaper read primarily by adults. What might he have done differently if the piece had been for, say, an audience of middle or high civilize students? If Crystals audience were middle school students he might have written this article from there point of view . Crystal would most likely include more examples that could interest to them. Also, Crystal could include how texting can help with school and be an plus rather than a distraction. 4. Reread the two text message poems in the article. Which one do you prefer? In what ways do these poems support his argument? The second poem supports Crystals argument, because the autho r foreshorten words and replaced letters with numbers just as most mass who text do. Although the author has written the poem differently the reader is unsoundedable to interpret the poem and the words makes sense.

About Myself Essay

My academic life story was not at all a bed of roses and as I am about to remind all the history of it then(prenominal) I am feeling very much nostalgic. The first hurdle which I can remember was appeared when I was in standard 1. At that beat my mother had faced a stark(a) accident. She was in bed for a whole year. At that time I was a kid and I was completely dependent on her so I was in severe distress. I had to study with the help of my father but he was alike unable to give much time for me as the other responsibilities were on him completely.Then he resolute to send me to a tutors folk for my study. But what I should tell about that lady She never use to give any(prenominal) time to me to complete my homework moreover her little girl used to give all her own homework to me to do. Every twenty-four hour period in schoolhouse I used get punishment for not doing the homework but as they also were aware about my homes condition so they never used to give me any hard pun ishment. Gradually afterwards a year my mom vulcanised and I got back my legal marks in all subjects.From then I generate decided to become a tutor and decided to be polite and lovable and ideal for my every student. From the beginning of my charge I was very much ambitious. I have done my school day from Holy Child Girls High School till my 10th scar and after that I have done my +2 studies from Patha Bhavan, Kolkata. Throughout my school life I was a very good student harmonize to my teachers. After finishing my school I have done physics Honours from Calcutta University. And finally I did my Master of Computer Application from westward Bengal University of Technology.Finally before 4 years from right away I have started my go as a software developer and also before that I have started my career as an online math Tutor. Right now I am enjoying both my career very much and also right now I am the clearance of my department of software developer and also I have achieved 4 awards for my performance as a Best Online Mathematics Tutor throughout a particular academic year. I hold out it is just a start of my ambitiousness and I have great way to go. Right now as I am seek to become an Online Mathematics Tutor for Tutor.com so my very next ambition is to become the best tutor in this play along by maintaining my good work so that I can get appreciation from my students and from my company end also, because appreciation always give some boast up to do some better work. Also as a head of the software developers my next ambition in that field is to become the handler of the team. I always used to set short term ambitions and after achieving one I used to set the next because this will exceed to the proper satisfaction and happiness.

Software Requirements Specification Template

Softw are Requirements judicial admission template CptS 322 package system Engineering 9 February 2005 The chase an nonated template shall be apply to complete the Software Requirements Specification (SRS) subsidisation of WSU-TC CptS 322. The instructor must approve whatever modifications to the overall structure of this document. Template Usage Text exacted at bottom angle brackets () shall be replaced by your project-specific entropy and/or details.For example, will be replaced with either Smart Home or Sensor Network. Italicized text is included to briefly annotate the utilization of each partition within this template. This text should not appear in the final version of your submitted SRS. This cover page is not a vocalism of the final template and should be removed before your SRS is submitted. Acknowledgements offices of this document are based upon the IEEE contain on to Software Requirements Specification (ANSI/IEEE Std. 30-1984). The SRS templates of Dr. Or est Pilskalns (WSU, Vancover) and Jack Hagemeister (WSU, Pullman) have in like manner be used as guides in developing this template for the WSU-TC confine 2005 CptS 322 course. Software Requirements Specification Lead Software Engineer Prepared for WSU-TC CptS 322Software Engineering Principles I Instructor A. David McKinnon, Ph. D. Spring 2005 Revision History employment description Author Comments scroll Approval The pursuit Software Requirements Specification has been accepted and approved by the following Signature Printed Name backup Date Lead Software Eng. A.David McKinnon Instructor, CptS 322 Table of Contents Revision Historyii Document Approvalii 1. Introduction1 1. 1 Purpose1 1. 2 Scope1 1. 3 Definitions, Acronyms, and Abbreviations1 1. 4 References1 1. 5 Overview1 2. world(a) Description2 2. 1 Product Perspective2 2. 2 Product Functions2 2. 3 user Characteristics2 2. 4 General Constraints2 2. 5 Assumptions and Dependencies2 3. Sp ecific Requirements2 3. 1 External Interface Requirements3 3. 1. 1 habitr Interfaces3 3. 1. 2 Hardware Interfaces3 3. 1. 3 Software Interfaces3 3. 1. 4 Communications Interfaces3 3. 2 Functional Requirements3 3. 2. 1 3 3. 2. 2 3 3. 3 Use incidents3 3. 3. 1 Use result 13 3. 3. 2 Use Case 23 3. Classes / Objects3 3. 4. 1 3 3. 4. 2 3 3. 5 Non-Functional Requirements4 3. 5. 1 Performance4 3. 5. 2 dependableness4 3. 5. 3 Availability4 3. 5. 4 Security4 3. 5. 5 Maintainability4 3. 5. 6 Portability4 3. 6 inverse Requirements4 3. 7 Design Constraints4 3. 8 Logical Database Requirements4 3. 9 Other Requirements4 4. analytic thinking Models4 4. 1 Sequence Diagrams5 4. 3 Data take to the woods Diagrams (DFD)5 4. 2 State-Transition Diagrams (STD)5 5. variegate Management Process5 A. Appendices5 A. 1 Appendix 15 A. 2 Appendix 25 1. Introduction The introduction to the Software Requirement Specification (SRS) document should go out an overview of the complete SRS document.While writing th is document please remember that this document should contain all of the selective information needed by a software technologist to adequately design and implement the software product advertd by the requirements listed in this document. (Note the following subsection annotates are largely taken from the IEEE claim to SRS). 1. 1 Purpose What is the purpose of this SRS and the (intended) audience for which it is written. 1. 2 Scope This subsection should (1) Identify the software product(s) to be produced by name for example, Host DBMS, describe Generator, etcetera(2)Explain what the software product(s) will, and, if necessary, will not do (3)Describe the application of the software be specified. As a portion of this, it should (a) Describe all relevant benefits, objectives, and goals as precisely as possible.For example, to say that one goal is to provide telling reporting capabilities is not as good as saying parameter-driven, user-definable reports with a 2 h turnaround an d on-line entry of user parameters. (b) Be consistent with similar statements in higher-level specifications (for example, the System Requirement Specification) , if they exist. What is the scope of this software product. 1. 3 Definitions, Acronyms, and Abbreviations This subsection should provide the definitions of all terms, acronyms, and abbreviations required to properly experience the SRS. This information may be provided by reference to one or more appendixes in the SRS or by reference to other documents. 1.4 References This subsection should (1)Provide a complete list of all documents referenced elsewhere in the SRS, or in a separate, specified document. 2)Identify each document by title, report number if applicable date, and publishing organization. (3) fasten the sources from which the references ass be obtained. This information may be provided by reference to an appendix or to other document. 1. 5 Overview This subsection should (1) Describe what the rest of the SRS contains (2) Explain how the SRS is organized. 2. General Description This section of the SRS should describe the general factors that affect the product and its requirements. It should be make clear that this section does not state specific requirements it only makes those requirements easier to understand. 2. 1 Product PerspectiveThis subsection of the SRS puts the product into perspective with other related products or projects. (See the IEEE Guide to SRS for more details). 2. 2 Product Functions This subsection of the SRS should provide a summary of the functions that the software will perform. 2. 3 user Characteristics This subsection of the SRS should describe those general characteristics of the eventual users of the product that will affect the specific requirements. (See the IEEE Guide to SRS for more details).2. 4 General Constraints This subsection of the SRS should provide a general description of all other items that will limit the developers options for pattern the system. See the IEEE Guide to SRS for a partial list of possible general constraints). 2. 5 Assumptions and Dependencies This subsection of the SRS should list each of the factors that affect the requirements stated in the SRS. These factors are not design constraints on the software but are, quite an, any changes to them that can affect the requirements in the SRS. For example, an assumption might be that a specific operating system will be available on the hardware designated for the software product. If, in fact, the operating system is not available, the SRS would wherefore have to change accordingly. 3. Specific Requirements This will be the largest and most all important(p) section of the SRS.The customer requirements will be embodied within Section 2, but this section will give the D-requirements that are used to guide the projects software design, implementation, and testing. Each requirement in this section should be Correct Traceable (both forward and backward to prio r/ coming(prenominal) artifacts) Unambiguous Verifiable (i. e. , testable) Prioritized (with respect to importance and/or stability) Complete reconciled Uniquely identifiable (usually via numbering like 3. 4. 5. 6) Attention should be compensable to the carefuly organize the requirements presented in this section so that they may easily accessed and understood.Furthermore, this SRS is not the software design document, and then one should avoid the tendency to over-constrain (and therefore design) the software project within this SRS. 3. External Interface Requirements 3. 1. 1 User Interfaces 3. 1. 2 Hardware Interfaces 3. 1. 3 Software Interfaces 3. 1. 4 Communications Interfaces 3. 2 Functional Requirements This section describes specific features of the software project. If desired, some requirements may be specified in the use-case format and listed in the Use Cases Section. 3. 2. 1 3. 2. 1. 1 Introduction 3. 2. 1. 2 Inputs 3. 2. 1. 3 Processing 3. 2. 1. 4 Outputs 3. 2. 1. 5 geological fault Handling 3. 2. 2 3. 3 Use Cases 3. 3. 1 Use Case 1 3. 3. 2 Use Case 2 3. 4 Classes / Objects 3. 4. 1 3. 4. 1. 1 Attributes 3. 4. 1. 2 Functions 3. 4. 2 3. 5 Non-Functional RequirementsNon-functional requirements may exist for the following attributes. Often these requirements must be achieved at a system-wide level rather than at a unit level. State the requirements in the following sections in measurable terms (e. g. , 95% of transaction shall be processed in less than a second, system downtime may not exceed 1 minute per day, gt 30 day MTBF value, etc). 3. 5. 1 Performance 3. 5. 2 Reliability 3. 5. 3 Availability 3. 5. 4 Security3. 5. 5 Maintainability 3. 5. 6 Portability 3. 6 opposite Requirements State any *useful* inverse requirements. 3. 7 Design Constraints Specify design constrains imposed by other standards, company policies, hardware limitation, etc. hat will impact this software project. 3. 8 Logical Database Requirements allow for a database b e used? If so, what logical requirements exist for data formats, storage capabilities, data retention, data integrity, etc. 3. 9 Other Requirements Catchall section for any additional requirements. 4. Analysis Models List all analysis beats used in developing specific requirements previously given in this SRS. Each model should include an introduction and a narrative description. Furthermore, each model should be traceable the SRSs requirements. 4. 1 Sequence Diagrams 4. 3 Data Flow Diagrams (DFD) 4. 2 State-Transition Diagrams (STD) 5. Change Management ProcessIdentify and describe the process that will be used to update the SRS, as needed, when project scope or requirements change. Who can submit changes and by what means, and how will these changes be approved. A. Appendices Appendices may be used to provide additional (and hopefully helpful) information. If present, the SRS should explicitly state whether the information contained within an appendix is to be considered as a pa rt of the SRSs overall set of requirements. Example Appendices could include (initial) conceptual documents for the software project, marketing materials, minutes of meetings with the customer(s), etc. A. 1 Appendix 1 A. 2 Appendix 2

Marketing and Nike Essay

We cease evaluate Nikes core selling system as related them to the relevant marketing theories. First of them is distribution theory. Nike distributes its harvests on antithetical level basis. The high feature products ar given to a certain distributers while the low worth to be sold at highly discounted price at the sell stores such as Wal-Mart. Nike has in any case be pass off the leader in the e-commerce by being the first to the market whit its e-commerce website. This program represents the first period a company has offered mass footwear through the internet and provides free-enterprise(a) advantages to Nike.One of the other theories is advertising and promotion. Nike makes contracts with some celebrity athletes which bathroom bear attention to their products such as Michael Jordan, Tiger Woods, Maria Sharapova, Ronaldo. This has created a comparatively high level of Nikes aw areness. Nike also employed a cosmic amounts of advertisements. Their aggressive ad vertising campaigns, celebrity endorsements and quality products all enhance their instigator and physical body.The other theory is price. The price is not effective on their strategy because Nikes target market is based on the consumers who care to a greater extent about the utility and quality of the product . This strategy focuses on the consumers who alike(p) Nike and pushes the products value to a higher level. Once the consumer develop the product intimacy, they come to associate their person with the products and volition pay whatever price quoted on the products. Nike use vertical integration price strategy and they also act in various channel level operations both to ascendance costs and influence the price function.And when we look at the market part theory, we see that most of the consumer of Nikes products is mainly athletic. Their segmentation market typically targets athletes, both women and men, from the age 15 to 35. Nike focuses on creating premium consumer e xperiences on product innovation, brand leadership and elevated retail presence. But Nike focuses on athlete more than any group of individuals. This strategy is especially successful because of its major power to reach a large number of athletes.Although Nikes core marketing strategy had brings lot of positive directions to the company, but it testament bring disallow directions to Nike too. The mainly negative theory is the cost theory. Nike had incurred high costs in producing and promoting its products. The costs are increasing among handling inventory, designing, advertising and production. The inflation had also rised the costs. So Nike has increased the products prices and reduces its marketing budget. Nike had also employed peasant aim in Cambodia to reduce its production and promote costs. This asked brand image negatively and many people stop buying products from Nike. Furthermore, Nike has been using child labor in the production of its soccer balls in Pakistan.One of the Nikes core marketing strategies is depend on a group of athletes to produce its products. Nike prefers to accommodate high profile athletes as its endorsers, like Runner Steve Prefontaine, Michael Jordan and LeBron James. The line through and attitude of Nikes chosen spokespersons could bring the impacts on its promotional strategies. For instance, it allow attract the athletes idolater to secure the products if Nike using a popular athlete as endorser. On the other hand, if the athlete were caught in drug addicted or any immoral attitude, it will affect the customers not to buy Nikes products, thus will affect Nikes sales, revenue and profit.There is intense competition face by Nike. Their competitors are Adidas, Reebok, Puma, and so forth, whilst competition is tighter with the coming of Adidas. More, the product line is slightly different between Nike and Adidas.Nike faces many risks when they use their core marketing strategies to achieve their goals and these ris ks can come from both internally and externally environment. The risks will have a negative influence about Nikes future development.Nike needs to wedge on the top of changes in consumer taste and preferences as evidenced by changes in fashion. So Nike face the risk that fashion trends may change so fast that Nike fails to follow. If Nike cannot follow the fitness trends in the market they will face risks of losing market shares. To make do with this risks and problems, Nike should position it as a trendsetter and not a trend follower and be responsible to their customers.The globose trends are to be fashion and personality. So Nike change its marketing strategies and products design to make out more fashion and focus on the youth consumers. It brings risks to Nike because in the handed-down mind of customers, they consider Nike only sell the athletic products. The fashion or the changing style products is unimaginative for customers to purchase. Not all the customers can follo w the changing of Nike. Therefore, Nike should analyse the market and customers preference as well as customers buying behavior from time to time.One of Major Nikes marketing strategies is to expand to overseas and become the leader in the world. It also will bring risks to Nike when they expand their business globally. Currency exchange rate fluctuations can disrupt the business of the independent manufacturers that produce Nike products by making their purchase of raw materials more expensive and more difficult to finance. Besides that, the global economic recession influence the overall business operation in the outsourcing countries. 2) If you were Adidas, how would you compete with Nike?One difficulty most likely to be faced by Adidas is in its marketing, compared to its competitor Nike, Nike spends more capital on advertising and promoting their products reputation. Adidas will have a hard time trying to compete with Nike in terms of advertising and promotion, considering Nik es utilization of low labor cost of production, Nike can afford to spend so much money in creating awareness for their products and gaining consumers loyalty by utilizing celebrities.If I were Adidas I would dedicate more money on advertising and create innovative actor of advertising their product, having consumers in mind and following the trends of technologies, for example, Adidas can collaborate with IT companies such as Samsung to create innovative means of advertising their products. Also a merger could be good for the Adidas, if the right strategy has chosen. For example Adidas and Reebok connecter up together as a merger would be a good deal for leading over Nike but the two companies have a bad reputation due to financial problems which almost conduct them to bankruptcy and since they are to work together.

Professional Roles and Values Essay

parcel out for is a profession that constantly evolves to improve itself. in that location is a high demand for obliges al star across America. Excellent breast feeding execute is achieved by understanding the business relationship of breast feeding and integrating the milest singles achieved with the nowadays practise. Through advanced procreation and new technology the give suck ass provide the diligent with the best cargon and promote community health. companionship gives us power to change and advance in healthcargon. My mission is to deliver excellence in clinical c atomic number 18 by my commitment to evidence-based coiffure research, act education, and by delivering culturally competent forbearing care in a pity and healing environment in accordance with the nurse enforce act. break out AThe Board of Nursing (BON) is a regulatory agency that functions to protect the universe of discoursely concern as healthy as grade the just coiffe of nurses. Ever y state has a board of care for that mandates the nurse practice act be properly carried out. Nurse practice acts define the scope of breast feeding, how to capture licensure, how to lose licensure, and the consequences of practicing without a authorize. The shitup of the nursing board and its responsibilities come from the nurse practice acts also. The BON is responsible for reviewing the nurse practice act to ensure that minimum standards of practice are defined. The BON also approves nursing education programs, evaluates applicants, issues licensure, and disciplines those who violate the law (Pearson Education, 2010). To obtain a nursing license in South Carolina I am submitd by the BON to come demonstrated competency in performing regulated activities that are complex, require skill, and independent decision -making.This is determined by showing verification of graduating from an approved Registered Nurse education program, passing the national licensing test, and passin g a condemnable background check. In orderto renew my license biennially I must(prenominal) go through the BON and show verification of competency and the go of hours practiced as evidenced by my employer certification on a form approved by the Board. If I fail to comply the transition requirements the BON may deny my application for renewal. Also, abiding by the nurse practice act and refraining from unethical decisions such as using drug and inebriant at lean, diverting narcotics, and abusing perseverings I am able to remain in good standing with the BON and abstain from any disciplinary action from the BON.The American Nurses Association (ANA) is a Professional Nursing Organization that provides nurses a vicissitude of resources to support their careers. The ANA offers leadership positions within the organizations and workingshops for continuing education as considerably as employment resources. Conferences are held within the organization to network and assemble int imately healthcare reform. Although the ANA does not offer any legal effectiveness to grant licensure or enforce practice policy, it carries the vox of the nurse and the public to the regulatory agency to evoke change (ANA, 2013). I currently am not a member of the ANA, but I plan to join. beingness as though I am a nurse that works in the necessity department I feel the need to voice concerns I put one over in dealing with unhurried care and staffing issues. I also would like to have a voice in addressing safe nurse to patient ratios in the taking into custody department. The ANA can help with these issues I face by helping to promote the interests of nurses to state and federal legislative bodies like the BON. I feel this organization can help me obtain the education I need in directing me to online courses crack continuing education credits and assist me in special credentialing such as obtaining a Certified Emergency Nurse certificate. expose BNursing ethics are a set of standards concerning the actions of the nurse in his or her relationship with patients, patients family members, other healthcare providers, policymakers, and society as a only (Cherry & Jacob, 2011). One provision from the code of ethics that influences my practice is The nurse participates in the advancement of the profession through contributions to practice, education, administration, and discernledge development (ANA, 2013). Although patient care is of the utmost importance nursing cant be practiced without the appropriate knowledge required.Evidence-based practiced research is such an central circumstances to nursing. Without the continuous studies of such research progress would not be make in healthcare advancements.As a nurse that has worked in the emergency department I have engaged in educational opportunities offered by the emergency department has helped with quality improvement initiatives and increased patient felicity s centres. A second provision that has influ enced my practice in nursing is listed as The nurses primary commitment is to the patient, whether an individual, family, group, or community (ANA, 2013). many measure in the emergency department families and friends are surrounding their love one. It is the nurses primary duty to advocate for the patient. Many times families have other ideas of healthcare that the patient is not interested in. This is where dialogue and education is imperative between all involved. Also, if the patient refuses any grapheme of care education is the best answer and then acceptance if the refusal is ongoing. notice the patients wishes as long as patient sentry go is not an issue must be upheld in the nursing profession.PART CThe ANA Code of Ethics consists of several traits that should be the underlying priming coat from all professional nursing practices. As a nurse one must interact with a multidisciplinary team to reach optimal results for a patients outcome. One of the traits that is impor tant is reciprocal respect. In an Emergency Department I work with several entities all of which have the patients best interest at heart. Collaborating, comprehending, supporting, and implementing goals are all part of having mutual respect for the team members as well as the patient and patients family. Another trait that is important is confidentiality. Privacy is an essential code of ethics. Discussing pertinent issues about a patient is restricted to those directly involved in patient care. Many times individuals try to call the emergency department and get updates on patients.I follow the laws in my tantrum regarding this issue. A third trait would be having respect for human dignity. This is important in the emergency department when patients are too sick to move. Many times patients soil themselves and feel embarrassed. We as nurses must acknowledged their feelings in a therapeutic way. We must hold in professional and never judge the patient in these instances.A twenty -five percent trait I possess would be accountability. I take in full responsibility to abide by the nurse practice act in my state. I follow the requirement for licensure renewal and take continuing education classes pertinent to my work area. I also am accountable for the nursing care of patients and to practice using the standards of care in my hospital. If I make a mistake I am held accountable for my actions and report any incidents to the appropriate personnel.PART DJean Watsons Theory of merciful warmth plays a operative part in promotion of a patients health. This theory suggests that there are carative factors that are the core to nursing. It is a holistic outlook that addresses the impact and importance of altruism, sensitivity, trust, and interpersonal skills (Cherry & Jacob, 2011). Caring is a key element of the patients outcome. Possessing a affectionateness heart sets the bar high in healthcare. The transpersonal process of caring, or caring among, nurse, environm ent, and client, is essential to healing and the nurse is the tool that implements these carative factors, that facilitates, and promotes the restoration of the patient health (Cherry & Jacob, 2011).PART D1Jean Watsons Theory of Human Caring fits in my professional practice daily. This model helps to establish a trusting rapport between you and the patient. When dealing with patients on an everyday basis the nurse is the one who interacts with the patient the most and sets the tone for the relationship. Compassion and human touch are necessary for positive patient outcomes. Following this module reminds me and helps me to improve my spoken language of care by allowing patients to communicate feelings while I actively listen to their needs. When I enter a patients room I survey the scene or take a holistic approach. I want to let this patient know I care about all of their needs and not just the medical concerns. The theory states interconnection of one human touching or caring fo r another is a carative factor which promotes restoration of health and equilibrium (Cherry & Jacob, 2011).After I go into myself to the patient I directly ask them how they are feeling or if there is anything that they are concerned about. I feel this gives the patient the prospect to discuss concerns and allows time for therapeutic communication establishinga trusting nurse to patient environment. Watsons carative factors help with caring or maintaining health correct when a patient is terminal. I instill this theory through offering chaplin services to patients or assistance finding mental support for those that are terminal. I come in contact with many different cultures in the emergency department and it is important to recognize the need for teaching and making it conducive for the patients to learn about their medication or disease process. exploitation a language lines shows the patient that you care about their health and education.PART EFlorence Nightingale was inspir ational and changed the face of nursing across the world from a career many looked down upon to a highly versatile and respected medical profession by implementing standards in healthcare and study others for the occupation. After witnessing the unsanitary conditions during the Crimean War she obtained hundreds of purge brushes and asked nurses and the least sick patients to scrub the inside of the hospital from floor the ceiling (The Biography Company, 2014). Her compassionate, dedicated, and skilled work helped her to reduce the hospitals death rate by two-thirds from implementing The Environmental Theory into her practice (The Biography Company, 2014).Florence was a nurse that was able to look outside the cuff and decisive think to find solutions to better healthcare. After learning of her undischarged achievements the one I use most in my healthcare setting is following sanitary measures. The spread of bacteria is very prevalent among the emergency department and by adherin g to hand hygiene principles and other core measures to continue from the spread of disease I feel her testimony sets the stage for broadly all healthcare employees. Also, through her courage and compassion for humanity she helped to run my nursing practice into one of diligence.PART FRespect for self-direction comes to mind when I think of a case scenario. Upon triaging a patient with their significant other in the room I came across the medical history section. This may cause concern for some patients being as though we must obtain a full medical history. I explained to the patient that I have personal questions to ask her and needed to know if she would like to be alone during this process. The patient stated shewould like her significant other to leave the room. When interviewing the patient they informed me that they did not want their history disclosed to the significant other or any of the results of testing that day. I appreciated this request and then informed the signi ficant other that they must remain in the waiting room until testing was finished and that it would be up to the patient to notify them of updates.Beneficence is the principle of providing good to soul whereas non-maleficence addresses the risk of a procedure to cause harm to a patient (Cherry & Jacob, 2011). An example of beneficence I encountered was when an elderly patient was scheduled to have a cardiac catheterization performed. While performing the pre-op measures for this patient it was observed that this patient had an area of breakdown on his skin and an elevated temperature. I immediately called the cardiologist and informed him of the findings. He came to talk to the patient and decided to schedule the procedure for another day when he was afebrile. Without reporting the finding to the touch the patient could have introduced infection into the bloodstream and could have became septic with critical results.REFERENCESANA Nursing World. (2013). Retrieved from https//www.n ursingworld.org Cherry, B., & Jacob, S. (2011). Contemporary Nursing Issues, Trends and Management, (5th edition). St. Louis Mosby Elsevier. Florence Nightingale. (2014). The Biography.com website. Retrieved fromhttp//www.biography.com/people/florence-nightingale-9423539 Pearson Education. (2010). Retrieved May 8, 2015 from http//wps.prenhall.com/chet_sullivan_effective_6/21/5493/1406300.cw/ nitty-gritty/index.html

Is Macbeth a hero or villain? Essay

The play Macbeth by William Shakespeare is nigh a fascinating character known as Macbeth. Do we lease him a ace or a baddie? on that point has been oft meters indecisioning over this. As the story goes on, Macbeth went down many changed turns, two(prenominal) for strong, and some for bad. Macbeth goes from a nice hero to a mean villain all(a) in a small period of time. Many actions do Macbeth into a practiced person at the opening of the play, which gave him titles of bravery, loyalty, and a good reputation. Then several actions make Macbeth appear loathsomeness such as committing crimes, being greedy, and having temptation. Macbeth can be seen as either a hero or a villain.At the start of the play, Macbeth was what looked to be a hero. There are numerous great characteristics to show that Macbeth is a hero such as him being loyal, kind, and overall having a good reputation. First, Macbeth had a good reputation. The idea spoken consisted of Macbeth to be a valiant cousin , honourable valet (Act 1, Scene 2, Line 1) by Duncan, the king. This means King Duncan is admiring Macbeth for his remarkable struggles in the war, by calling him valiant cousin which indicates he is in limiting relationship with King Duncan. Also, by saying he is a worthy gentlemen, Duncan is saying he is an honourable fighter. Second, Macbeth is a very loyal man. public treasury he faced the slave which neer shook hands, nor offer him farewell to him, till he unseamed him from the nave to th chops, and fixed his breaker point upon our bookingments. (Act 1, Scene 2, Line 9) This quotation explains just how loyal Macbeth was to King Duncan and his country.He put his life in danger to fight in the battle against the enemy Macdonwald. This was the last battle he fought after meeting the triple witches. Last, Macbeth was a kind guy. For instance, he showed great love for his wife at the start of the play. When Macbeth wrote letters to Macbeth telling her how he was, what his n ew thoughts were, and explaining how much he love her, he is being a kind and thoughtful man. From all his chivalric titles at the beginning it shows Macbeth achieving the understanding of a hero as a person noted or admired for their courage or outstanding achievements. (Illustrated Oxford Dictionary, Dorling Kindersley). Macbeths bravery, loyalty, and kindnessare absolutely what make Macbeth a heroic character. Macbeth is also a villain in the beginning of the tragedy. A villain is defined to be an evil person who goes by evil approaches to get what he needs. First, Macbeth determines he wants to be King of Scotland. He discrete this when the witches predicted that he would be Thane of Cawdor. If the witches neer wel add upd him King of Scotland at first, he never would hurt prediction about annihilateing the king. His action directed him to go shedding peoples blood, and was in blood too fatheaded he couldnt go back. Later in the play Macbeth says to madam Macbeth, I am in blood / Steppd in so far, that, should I wade no more, / Returning were as tedious as go oer. (Act 3, Scene 4)This statement paints the image of Macbeth bathing in a sea of blood, being so far that it is easier to carry on than to go back.Also, he grew more detached from his wife, wench Macbeth, and made choices without her recognition. For example, when he started to knock off innocent families such as the MacDuff family and didnt tell Lady Macbeth. So then he became more cruel in his play to stay as the King of Scotland and the public define him as This autocrat (V, iii) and A dwarfish thief (V, ii), by his evil ways. Lastly, during the play, every time Macbeth attempts to attain his ambition, he constantly blocks his respectable qualities in favour of a more wicked approach. This ambition of his points him to develop a troublemaker subsequent in the play, which leads to his downfall and concluding murder by Macduff. For instance, a study evil action Macbeth did was cleansi ng King Duncan just so he could become king and gain creator. In the book Macbeth stated I am settled, and bend upEach corporal agent to this fearsome feat.Away, and mock the time with fairest showFalse face must hold in what the false heart doth know. (Act 1, Scene 7, Line 90, Pg. 61)What Macbeth is stating is that he is ready to kill King Duncan, and after he is done he will seduce to act upon his false face and try not to have the iniquity sink in from the truth in his heart. These evil ways proven Macbeth to be very cold hearted and a serial killer. There is no doubt that Macbeth was a villain by his greed, despair, and temptation.Last, Macbeth had a choice to be evil or be a hero. First, the witchs prophecies gave him a choice to make. He could have listened to them or did what he thought was good, precisely instead he chose evil ways. When Macbeth tries to find the witches in a baleful cave, he finds them, and then they show him three ghosts. The first spirit seems as a n armed head that says, Macbeth Macbeth Macbeth beware Macduff / Beware the thane of Fife. The second spirit is a gory kid that tells Macbeth, Be bloody, bold, and resolute laugh to scorn / The power of man, for none born of woman / Shall harm Macbeth. At last, the third phantasma was another child with a crown on his head, telling Macbeth that he Shall never vanquished be until Great Birnam wood to high Dunsinane Hill / Shall come against him.(Act 4, Scene 1) This false self-assurance Macbeth was given was very significant so he could make his ultimate decision which ended in defeat. Macbeth had his wifes thoughts too. Lady Macbeth convinced him to commit the murder when he questions the consequences to her.For Macbeth to be evil, he went with Lady Macbeth telling him he was too un manly to kill Duncan and he should do it to become a man and not be a kid. The direct quotation that was used for Macbeths wife was When you durst do it, then you were a man (act 1, scene 7, line 4). Ma cbeth had a mickle of decisions to choose the evil way or the hard way. He could have picked the heroic side which meant him still being thane of Caldor and Glamus, being treated nicely by Kind Duncan, and not feeling guilt by killing innocent people. Macbeth in the end, chose the wicked ways which sooner or later(prenominal) killed off his wife from her extreme guilt. This would not have happened if he had made accurate decisions. Unluckily, this is all triggered by miss treatment, being misled by his loved one, not seeing any enhancements he has made and non-existence love.In conclusion, MacBeth is a complicated character whose human nature means that he retains both good and evil qualities from the start of the play to the finish. He was heroic by being a strong person, a hero to Scotland, a schoolmaster under the instruction of King Duncan, and having no reason to feel dim with where he is in life. Macbeths bravery, sense of right and wrong and his indecisive method of bad behaviour are as well-known as his evil ambition, cunning and cruelty. Macbeth cannot be argued as being purelyheroic or villainous the difficulty of his character is proven by his uncivilized inner struggles and powered by his imaginings. Its very tough to decide if Macbeth is evil or a hero, so from the thoughts everywhere what would you reflect? full treatment CitedShakespeare, William. Macbeth. New York Washington Press, 1992 http//answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090322035719AA5KGEM http//homepages.rootsweb.ancestry.com/maggieoh/Macbeth/l_mac.htm http//www.shmoop.com/macbeth/violence-quotes.htmlhttp//www.123helpme.com/view.asp?id=15195http//www.aaazealots.com/NGB/macbeth.htmlhttp//answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070506222202AAJnJM1 http//answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100516110057AATYdkQ http//homepages.rootsweb.ancestry.com/maggieoh/Macbeth/index.html

Country Report on Road Safety Initiatives in Malaysia

Country cross on course base hit Initiatives in MALAYSIA Datuk Suret Singh Director General Road safeguard section Malaysia Basic Information Country Malaysia ? ? ? ? ? Population 26. 4 Million in 2006 Square Kilometer 392876km2 Road Length 72,400 km No of Registered vehicles 15,790,732 Vehicle Kilometer Travelled/year 337. 8 Billion VKT Malaysia Definition and info System Definition ? Fatality expirys within 30 days ? sedate All Required Hospitalization ? Slight Injury Out uncomplaining or Self Treatment Data System ? Police DataForm beat POL27 Accident Form Database/System Computerized MAAP System Annual Accident Report availability Yes ? Hospital Data Injury classification used AIS recuperation System Many System used, in process of Standardization Malaysia safe orchestrate and Management national Safety Target? ? 2. 0 Deaths/10,000 vehicles by 2010 ? 10 Deaths100,000 population 2020 ? 10 Deaths per Billion VKT by 2020 National Safety Plan? ? Availability Yes, N ational Road Safety Plan 2006-2010 ? strategies 9 Strategies ? platforms 52 broadcasts Availability of Institutional Set-up ? ? ? ?Road Safety Department (2005) MIROS (2007) National Road Safety Council (50 years ago) Annual Budget Allocated for Road Safety Programs Malaysia Road Safety Facts (1996-2006) Year Registered Vehicles Road Length (Km) Number of accidents Death 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 7,686,684 8,550,469 9,141,357 9,929,951 10,589,804 11,302,545 12,068,144 12,868,934 13,801,297 14,816,407 15,790,732 60,734 63,382 63,382 64,981 64,981 64,981 64,981 71,814 71,814 72,400 72,400 189,109 215,632 211,037 223,166 250,417 265,175 279,237 298,651 326,815 328,268 341,252 6,304 6,302 5,740 5,794 6,035 5,849 5,887 6,282 6,228 6,200 6,287Fatality Index Per 10,000 Vehicles 8. 20 7. 37 6. 28 5. 83 5. 70 5. 17 4. 88 4. 88 4. 51 4. 18 3. 98 Per 100,000 Population 29. 8 29. 1 25. 3 25. 5 26. 0 25. 1 25. 3 25. 1 24. 3 23. 7 23. 6 Per Billion VKT 40. 4 36. 3 3 0. 9 28. 7 28. 0 25. 5 24. 0 24. 0 22. 2 20. 6 Malaysia 19. 6 Key Issues and Challenges Key Problems Identified ? Target Groups Motorcyclists (53%) Car Occupants (22%) Pedestrians (10%) ? Target Issues Head Injuries among motorcyclists Un segregated VRUs MalaysiaFatality by Casualty Class Malaysia Strategic Programs and Projects Program Potential % noise Coverage Reduction 2007 2008 2009 2010 AES Speed Cameras Redlight Cameras Lane Displine Helmet Program Rear Seat Belts Airbags Driver Training RSE and CBP Mcycle Lanes Blackspots Others 20 20 0 30 20 10 10 10 10 10 10 60 60 20 65 40 20 30 20 20 20 20 100 90 60 100 60 40 50 50 30 30 30 100 90 80 100 80 60 60 80 40 40 40 % 30 40 20 50 30 30 10 20 80 30 20 No of Deaths Expected No. f Fatality Reduction Involved/yr 2007 2008 2009 2010 1400 150 450 1500 350 400 ccc 400 500 500 350 84 12 0 225 21 12 3 8 40 15 7 427 3. 45 252 36 18 488 42 24 9 16 80 30 14 420 54 54 750 63 48 15 40 120 45 21 420 54 72 750 84 72 18 64 160 60 28 6300 Deaths/ 10,000 Vehicles 1009 1630 1782 2. 94 2. 45 2. 21 Malaysia MIROS0 7One Most Successful Road Safety interpolation Name Exclusive Motorcycle Lane Program Problem report Rear-End and Side Swipe along High Speed golf links Double Low Speed Links Issues Identified Un-segregated leading to Conflicts among Fast, Un matched VRUs and Larger Vehicles Rationale for Intervention Segregation reduce Conflicts, Risk and Exposures fine Intervention Programs 3m Exclusive Lane fully segregated Impact of Intervention 39% less Accidents, 83% Less Fatalities, BCR=5 Malaysia

Communications and media. Persuasive Message Essay

The importance of this letter is to familiarize our Supermarket, XYZ Supermarket Ltd, which has been active in the investment since 1990. Here at XYZ, we have introduced a State of the invention Bakery and new methods of branding heighten carrefours. In our Bakery, we ar we are manufacturing new aver of products like breads, new designs of cakes that are customized to meet the customers require, dairy products and other(a) meat products. More so, we believe that smashing tunees are non born, they are made, and this is why we have made XYZ as one of the scoop customer friendly venture that have received great personality and connections to many customers needs and other organizations. We are happy to let you subsist we have established close relationship with leading clients distributed all across the cities and the neighboring countries. Since beginning, we have successfully provided customers with cost effective goods in our business that operates around the clock.XY Z also, offers other services like events planning and decorations such as wedding setups/parties , transport services to customers that purchases bulky goods while delivering these goods to any customers muddle at little fee. We are guaranteed that our investment strategies remain the leading in these business environments. Part of this letter, you will find enclosed information pamphlets, documents and brochures most us. Our services are offered after thorough considerations of our clients needs by charging normal fee.We are fully aware that you are interested in the same options of companys goods and services, and you must need sequence to think about. Through our great pleasure, we have stocked new range of products that we believe might best suit your needs. After meticulous work research and surveys, we came up with new products directly from new business pile from the agricultural market, whereby, other products are manufactured or blend at heart our business venture. As we are all aware, the Government has provided kindles supplies, loan and other incentives to our leaveners, and, therefore, agricultural production and improved greatly while new farm produce is getting to our existing markets. More so, new entrepreneurs are offer new products that we are stocking and, therefore, these products will be essential for you.The new ranges of farm produce are produced in modern ways of farming especially the incorporation of technology in the farms. They are, therefore, of higher quality than the average ones already in other shelves. The new products are cost effective, fast travel goods that everyone is after, well packaged and more so, beneficial to our health especially in preventing and curing of common diseases. For instance, we are blending and manufacturing new range of breads from a wide variety of equilibrize protein, vitamin and vital fats collected from the new farm produce. These breads are so enriched you might be tempted to skip so me meals for their balanced and satisfying characteristics. Their packaging is so modern and attractive that everyone will be interested in looking or tasting. Brochures furnishing the details of each product have been enclosed with this letter. Being our esteemed customer, we would like to offer you a range of free products in our shelves before the current stock runs out. We are working with highly qualified staffs that assures every customer detail is handled and taken care of physically or through our business contacts 24/7. recreate note that we are working with new top gross revenue representative, Mr. George Brown, as a Business Manager and being a former sales staff from Amazon Ventures Ltd in Paris. Mr. George has 21 years of experience in sales and marketing and was formally working in other great business companies like Virginia Green Garden, one of the largest importer and manufacturer of farm provoke in Europe. He is a graduate from Oxford University and recently comp leted his charge studies from Michigan University. Through the combined experiences and expertise within our staffs, we have been graded one of the best business investments and that we have developed close ties with staffs (clients) from IBM. We sometimes ask ourselves, if IBM staffs are interested with the Farm Products in our shelves, who else cant buy from us? We, therefore, introduce and welcome all of our esteemed customers including you to these new ranges of products.Finally, we acknowledge your time and effort in reading this letter and wannabe that you may share our good news to your close colleagues especially by showing them some of the attached business brochures accompanying this letter.Mr. George is available to reckon the prior commitments and orders. Incase of any special arrangements or enquiries, our lines, are bluff and can also reach our Manager at 07-05-123456 anytime between 9 A.M to 8 P.M. Further contact details can be reference from one of the brochures .We are grateful for your concern in our Business.SincerelyReferences communication theory and media. (1974). Sydney London Angus & Robertson.Source document

Conditions to Effectively Leverage Technology for Learning Essay

Great leaders create expirys, inspire others and attain goals by their sh bed qualities such as vision, passion, decisiveness, commitment, influence, character and cooperation. Similarly, to foster pedantic success, all(prenominal) educational stakeholders ought to birth a sh ard vision of what the can result to be and communicate this vision among themselves. To begin with, the principal plays a assorted and pivotal role in setting the path that school pass on take. This direction should not only be positive but likewise productive especially to the teachers.On the side of the students, it should provide the students with a vivacious learning environment. A comprehensive program ought to be instituted to cheer up, civilize and sustain effective leaderships of schools for the realization and speeding up the achievement of the students. So as move the students achievement upwards, those endowed with their academic performance that is the teachers, principals, teacher educato rs and even zone administrators are under arrangement to be accountable for the students.For instance, New York City Department of Education win the 2007 urban education Broad prize since the holy district schools had performed well. The sizable leadership by the chancellor, mayor and the teachers union contributed much to the students achievement. Solidarity and sharing too foster the bequeathingness of each leadership level and even the student friendship to share hunch overledge, resources and accomplishments In order to achieve the above discussed shared vision, the educational leaders ought to be becomingly adorned to as genuine the realization of the vision.To empower them undertaking leadership trainings that will boost accountability will be essential. These leaders have as well adopted implementation planning to advance the effectiveness of their schools and withal the learning process. They incorporate digital learning resources and knowledge and converse technologies (ICT) for the creation of multiple learning opportunities and deeper visualiseing and exhibition of the circumscribe of their curriculums. Most of the New York schools have availed high speed admittance internets, interactional white boards, LCD projectors and improved the right of entry to rolling laptop computer carts.These technologies have promoted the students skills in communication, fostered intelligence in science and math and facilitating organizational skills. Consistent and adequate funding can not be ignored since for the academic achievements of the students, money is required to training the administrators, support the ICT infrastructure, other force and staff development and the installation of the digital resources. Although the States legislative assembly was reluctant to allot the necessary funds so as to constitutionally provide a sound basic education to each student, a divisional appeal saw the implementation of the same.District funds have been used to mould the school administrators into instructional leaders, change agents and civic leaders. This agreeable funding, of around $428 million, has led to the excellence in the public schools in the entire district. Due to the increased use of the naked technology in these schools, adequate technical support and a robust technical infrastructure are important. This will see to it that these technical infrastructures support the teachers work in a more realistic manner. Each student should be allowed equal access to the different technologies since each of the plays a totally different role from the other.This virtue should be bias-free in terms of sex, ethnicity, students with special needs and also the disadvantaged. The universal technological participation supports engaged learning thus reducing the levels of inequality. Moreover, the district schools have ensured an apparent access to electronic networks and computers for the realization of a world-shaking change in the classrooms. On-site technical support must also be easily accessible by the teachers since the support managers are bestowed with uncomparable assistance troubleshooting during and after lessons.Students can hardly achieve academically or benefit from the various technologies if their teachers are not conversant with them. Support has to be availed to these educators so as to make them choose the appropriate instructional strategies and technologies appropriately. This makes sure that the teachers are very comfortable and experienced in their demonstrations of these technologies. Additionally, they can coalesce the technological knowledge in their curriculum and in fostering changes in the assessment methodologies. On-going professional development assists the teachers in learning how to use the new technology.Additionally, the teachers are able to unleash to the students meaningful instructions accompanied with relevant demonstration activities in class. The on-going profe ssional learning is vital since single shop class training can not be sufficient for the teachers to learn and understand everything about the technology. Schools-proposed learning curriculums should aim and helping the students acquire superb communication skills so as to enable them to be in their expressions. This can be achieved done pencil and paper work, audios, animations and also videos.Moreover, it should facilitate the learners ability to test and interpret data, manage and prioritize classroom tasks, develop problem settlement methodologies and utilize the acquired knowledge in identifying and mitigating probable risks. So as to ensure that the learning process is student-centered, their goals, expectations, population and their learning criteria should be identified prior. This will enable the education direct their efforts in satisfying them. In gauging the understanding level of the learners, various assessment and valuation methodologies are incorporated.This app raises both the technological applications put in place and also the achievement of the student. Furthermore, the administrators get to know the adaptability, usefulness and appropriateness of the technology. Remedial actions are then taken at a later date to streamline the students in case of deviations. This evaluation is based on the National Education Technology Standards. Besides, a confederacy stakeholders committee assesses the ideas that emanate from various educational stakeholders and those committee scrutinized proposals that go through are adopted by schools in the entire district.This committee also performs equity assurance and guidance roles. Other support policies and supportive international context have been set up to further student achievement. For instance, teachers are provided with classroom computers and also have also adopted the use of electronic grade-books. This has become a requirement so as to report on the students attendance trends. Moreover, daily log-ins has been instituted. In other cases, students and administrators have received rewards that are based on their performances.

The Contribution of Religion to Societies and Cultures in the 20th Century.

piety which does non have an concern on close is a toothless tiger. This plagiarize exemplifies the idea that if morality did not impact an private, it would have the analogous assemble of a ferocious tiger not being able to conserve its force. From the Latin religio (the respect for what is sacred) and religare (to bind, in the sense of an obligation), the word religion is an set up collection of belief and practice systems, focusing on what battalion settle down to be sacred or spiritual.Throughout history and societies across the world, unearthly leading have used sacred narratives, symbols and traditions in an attempt to give more than meaning to life and to gain wisdom through the understanding of the universe. In every known culture throughout centuries, a form of religion is prime, practiced either deep down a globe manner within a group, or in a private sanction. The practice of religion can be found through different practices such(prenominal) as feasts and festivals, God or gods, music and art, meditation or initiation, sacrifice or service, and other aspects of culture.A Study on Religion and the Role of It on wad and Media.In order to gain insight of its contributions within cultures and society, it is important to look at this question with a sociological perspective. While a major(ip)ity of people believe religion to be an individual process, as peoples beliefs are extremely personal, religion is also considered to be a social institution. Social scientists bring in that religion exists as an organised and integrated set of beliefs and behaviours centred on prefatory social needs and values. Thus, religion is a cultural universal found in all social groups.The definition of a society is a confederacy of people living in a particular surface area and having shared customs, laws, and organizations. Living within a societal range, we are wonted(a) to accept or reject the ideas of religion in which society develops and dis plays. When considering the impact of religion on a society this can have twain a positive or negative impact. Religious communities live by analogy they see connections amongst God and humanity, between the spiritual and the material, and between the human persons who form the wider community.They value relationships and context and harmonious order. Archbishop Thomas Collins. Religion discusses the extremely debatable questions such as the meaning of life. This leads into deeper questions such as Who am I? Is in that location life after destruction? Is there a God? Although these questions may seem impossible to answer, for individuals it brings a sense of comfort and belonging in search for those answers. It brings an individual self-worth and happiness, and the note of something to live for.This is one of the briny reasons people decide to follow a certain religion to bring them self-pleasure and to do right by their religion, therefore contributing positively to societ y. The overall contribution of religion is about beauty. In literature, architecture, painting, sculpture and even film we discover the exhilarating and inexhaustible judgment of beauty in life. Under the topic of beauty, religion enters subtopics that emphasizes the giftedness of beauty, promotes beauty to upraise human flourishing, and encourages the response of awe and gratitude.The Bible is still considered one of the great works of literature of all time. This sacred text is universal, having the ability to mountain range out to an international audience. The Bible has the ability to build a community as cultures find these stories relatable. Also, the beauty in architecture found in places of adoration is outstanding. This shows that the religious imagination recognises the ferment in the community earlier the beauty of such structures, such as the Sistine Chapel, attracting thousands of tourists daily to admire the beauty.Another major contribution of religion to society is the promotion of justice through the interest group of common good. International figures such as Ghandi, Martin Luther King, Dorothy Day, and Nelson Mandela are stellar representatives of religion who helped change oppressive social, economic and political systems benefiting not only there society, but cultures around the world. Although religion can impact society in an extremely positive aspect, it can also be used as a manipulative tool for its promotion.It can encourage violence when religious believers are convinced that their views are being challenged, leading to an outbreak in wars. A recent example was associated with Islamic Terrorists being linked to occasional violence in Uzbekistan. A man of god, Ulugbek Kodirov, entered the USA with the plan of assassinating Obama as he knew this was what he was supposed to do for Islam. He stated he was acting at the direction of an Islamic terror group in his home country. When analysing this situation, the manipulative abili ty that eligion can empower over an individual is drastic. If it has the power to impact the individual, obviously the society will become involved. geographically small cultures within Iran/Iraq can be hugely influenced by religion, as their cultures would focus on the main foundations that it abides. Another example of this is the Lords Resistance Army (LRA), a militant movement which was operating in northern Uganda, South Sudan and entered the Central African Re national.The groups main source of ideology is Christian fundamentalism however, these followers under the group loss leader Joseph Kony (who proclaims himself as the spokesman for God) have been accused of widespread human rights violations, including murder, mutilation, child-sex slavery and abductions. This is a clear example of where the contribution of religion negatively impacts a culture as a small society is more susceptible in acting for these violent crimes, as their knowledge of the outside world is censore d. The occurrence that religion in these types of societies is monitored, doesnt allow the individual to practice by oneself.Sacred texts are edited to suit the religious dictators views, punishments are ensured when one does worship correctly, and it is very rare for the ability of individuals to privately worship their personal beliefs. in that respect are those that advocate that the voice of religion be silenced, or at least relegated to the purely private sphere. There are those who argue that the public celebration of festivals such as Christmas should be discouraged. These are worrying signs of a failure to appreciate not only the rights of believers to immunity of conscience and freedom of religion, but also the legitimate role of religion in the public square. Pope Benedict XVI In conclusion, religion is the backbone to our society. Although it has the aptitude to negatively impact cultures, it also has the ability to share insight into the future generation religious leaders. Many religions send across the same message, having the same values and methods of worshipping. When these values are taken on board, it can provide positivity in different cultures, giving individuals renewed hope and a positive outlook on life.

History of Cookies

The first cookies were created by accident Cooks used a small amount of cake batter to test their oven temperature betore baking a large cake, The earliest cookie-style cakes be thought to date back to seventh-century Persia. Persia was unity of the first countries to cultivate chicken feed. The word cookie originally came from the Dutch keoke, pith little cake. Dutch first popularized cookies in the United States. The British incorporated them in the 19th century in their daily tea service and calling them biscuits or good-natured buns, as they do in Scotland.Sometime in the 1930s, a Massachusetts Innkeeper ran out ot nuts vvhlle devising cookies. she substltuted a criterion of baking drinking chocolate, breaking It Into pieces and adding the chunks of chocolate to the flour, butter, and brown sugar stops. The Toll House Cookie was past Invented and became a big hit. ruth Wakefield was credited with inventing the chocolate chip cookie, an American Classic. Cookies be ma de with sweet dough or batter, baked in single-sized servings and eaten out-of-hand. Perfect for snacking or as dessert, cookles are consumed In 95. ercent ot u. s. households. Americans alone consume over 2 gazillion cookies a year or 300 cookies for each person annually. cookies are most often classified by method of preparation hook, molded, pressed, refrigerated, bar and rolled. Their dominant ingredient, such as nut cookies, fruit cookies or chocolate cookies, can also classify them. Whether gourmet, soft or bite-sized cookies, new categories are always cropping up as the American appetite for cookies contlnues to grow. A drop cookle Is made by dropplng spoontuls ot dough onto a baking sheet.Bar cookies are created when a batter or soft dough Is spooned Into a shallow pan, whence baked, cooled and cut into bars. Hand- anatomyed cookies are made by shaping dough by hand into small balls, logs, crescents and other shapes. Pressed cookies are formed by pressing dough through a cookie press to form fancy shapes and designs. Refrigerator cookies are made by shaping the dough into a log, which is retrigerated until firm, then sliced and baked. Rolled cookies begin by use a peal pln to roll the dough out flat then It Is cut Into decorative shapes with cookie cutters r d pointed knife.Other cookies, such as the German springerle, are formed by Imprinting designs on the dough, both by rolling a special decoratively carved rolling pin over it or by pressing the dough into a carved cookie mold. The Southern colonial housewife took great reserve in her cookies, almost always called simply tea cakes. These were otten flavored with nothing much than the finest butter, sometimes with the addltlon of a few drops of rose water. In earlier American cookbooks, cookies were given no space of their own but were listed at the conclusion of the cake chapter.

God and The Common Good Approach : Allowing Evil to Demonstrate Empathy

When one looks at the atrocities in the world today and the example used by Johnson of the unprejudiced infant burned in a building, a common answer is empathy and sympathy. If Johnson insists on considering graven image as a mortal and asseverate that a merciful being would not allow such atrocity, thus it is useful to look at approaches taken by ethical, moral actors in the world today. Looking at the Common-Good approach, we may assert that in separate for us to have qualities, such as empathy, compassion, and other redeemable traits, we must(prenominal) have situations in our lives that evoke these qualities.Without pain and suffering, there is no invite for these positive traits, therefore, the argument that divinity fudge is not good does not apply. His blank space is to ensure that men can become good of their avow let loose depart. Johnson would argue this approach equates to allowing men to become immoral on their own surrender give, as well. But, this is t he essence of free will and of the Common-Good approach, we must be able to see both good and deplorable to decide how to surmount achieve a society that can combat this inevitability of free will.Therefore, God can be looked at as hu small-arm, then human approaches to ethics and the common good must be utilized, so beneath the Common Good approach, God is good. The Common Good approach essentially deals with an idea that individual good is equated and ensured with public good and that individual, honorable traits should be packetd as a community in a legal fashion. In this way, goodness, is not good if it is not shared.To apply this to counteract Johnsons argument, it can be said, then, that in order to recognize good to share it, we must also be able to recognize bad or demonic, in order to know how to counter it in a world of free will. Appeals to the common good urge us to view ourselves as members of the same community, reflecting on broad questions concerning the kind of society we fate to become and how we are to achieve that society (Velasquez, et al, 1996, 2).Johnsons argument to this would be that just as there is an imagined God that promotes good in the achievements of man in reference to free will, there could easily be an perversive God that does the opposite. For example, we could say that God is evil and that he allows free will so that we can freely do evil things, which would make us more truly evil than we would be if forced to perform evil acts (Johnson, 1983, 88). This argument against free will does not compliment Johnsons imperativeness that we look at God as a human being.Just as societies and groups strive to make communities better, there are groups, who conspire to do evil deeds and go against the common good. If God is only human, then God can only hope that others will chose not to do evil with their free will. In conclusion, Johnson is flawed in looking at God as if God is human, then attaching inhuman traits or superhu man traits to action or inaction. If God is made of human qualities, then there will be flaws in even Gods own self-importance and design.But, with the insistence of Johnson to claim God as human, then we can obviously look at ethical human approached to good and evil. We can be hopeful that with the Common Good approach that moral actors will do what is right with the idea that God would act in this same manner. References Johnson, B. C. The line of work of God and Evil in The Atheist Debaters Handbook. (1983). Amherst, NY Prometheus Books. 99-108. reprint. Velasquez, M. , Andre, C. , Shanks, T, Meyer, S. J. & Meyer M. idea Ethically A Framework for Moral Decision Making in Issues in Ethics (Winter, 1996). 2-5.

Strategic Intent Essay

This article serves a purpose to illustrate some of the flaws that ar currently used by western sandwich organizations in regards to strategicalalal planning. In this article we see are shown the detriment of the methods in practice at the time of the article, and examples of alternative strategic approaches in use by Japanese firms which have allowed them to have sustained success. strategical Intent and CharacteristicsAs indicated in the article, Japanese companies began with ambitions that were off of all proportion to their resources and capabilities, but created an obsession with loving at all levels of the organization and then sustained that obsession all everywhere the 10- to 20-year quest for planetary leadership. Inspired by this obsession, the concept of strategic intent is introduced to the world of strategy. strategic intent captures the essence of winning, is stable over time, and sets target that deserves personal effort and allegiance. It comes with an ambi tion in the pursuit of global leadership that used to be outside the range of conventional strategic planning. By implementing strategic intent, a company rotter create colossal term objectives despite of considerable resources, whereas thinking in a traditional way, decisions should be made on the degree of fit between actual resources and current opportunities. DescriptionThe key points to this article refer to the differences in strategic approach that the Japanese firms use, in contrast to the approaches used by western organizations. Japanese firms use four main techniques when constructing their strategy Building layers of utilitySearching for loose bricksChanging the terms of engagementCompeting through coactionApplicationsStrategic Intent is a breakthrough concept in the product line of Strategic Management. It has strongly influenced how strategy is defined, and isresponsible for main changes in the carrying out style of many another(prenominal) organizations. Key ideas brought together with strategic intent such(prenominal) as core competence and stretch, have been introduced to every company. With the self identical(prenominal) amount of resources and capacity, many companies have become much more prospering than they were before under the inspiration of this strategy.One example that emerges from the article is when edict changed the terms of engagement in an effort to compete against waste. Xerox had created many advantages where other competing firms (most notably Kodak and IBM) were not able to directly compete against Xerox. principle changed the terms of engagement by standardizing their components, distributing through office supply stores alternatively of their own sales force, change instead of leased, and appealed to secretaries and administrative positions within companies. completely of these factors helped Canon change the terms of engagement, and not directly compete against Xerox who already held a sizable advantage. Q uestions and concernsIn the article devising Strategic Planning Work there is reference that ineffective planning may be a result of failure to develop clear policies, where those policies would disembowel decision making. However, in Strategic Intent, a global executive describes how they grammatical construction for competitors who operate on a portfolio system (where jobes may be sold if a certain market share is reached). Therefore, could having a strategic constitution hurt decision making? Connection to Prior ThoughtsIn Making Strategic Planning Work, the author talks about some requisites for strategic planning. Strategic intent share the same way. It requires the management to conduct interior self-appraisal and future environment assessment to ensure the strategy is on the remunerate track. The main reason for failure could be the same lack of commitment for planning. In Crafting Strategy, it mentions how detecting the subtle discontinuities that may undermine a bu siness in the future is crucial. This opinion is also shared in Strategic Intent, where it references the problem how managers operating on a 3-5 year window can cause damage as they are not looking out for the long term interest for the company. While both articles share the samethoughts, why arent more companies willing to pay for those managers with several eld experienceinstead of hiring outside the company?